| Effective Leadership | Ineffective Leadership | |||
| Frame | Leader | Leadership Process | Leader | Leadership Process |
| Structural | Analyst, architect | Analysis, design | Petty Tyrant | Management by detail and fiat |
| Human Resources | Catalyst, servant | Support, empowerment | Weakling, pushover | Abdication |
| Political | Advocate, negotiator | Advocacy, coalition building | Con artist, thug | Manipulation, fraud |
| Symbolic | Prophet, poet | Inspiration, framing experience | Fanatic, fool | Mirage, smoke, and mirrors |
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